Introduction to Linked Data

  • Tim Berners-Lee: The next Web of open, linked data:

20 years ago, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. For his next project, he’s building a web for open, linked data that could do for numbers what the Web did for words, pictures, video: unlock our data and reframe the way we use it together.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM6XIICm_qo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEjRFXbqjLc (with subtitles in Spanish)

  •  10 years later… – Tim Berners-Lee in TED Talks

El año en que los datos de libre acceso se globalizaron
The year open data went worldwide

http://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_the_year_open_data_went_worldwide.html (English with Spanish subtitles)

  •  Linked Open Data, what is it?

From Europeana Project. Simple animation to explain what Linked Open Data is and why it’s a good thing, both for users and for data providers.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=uju4wT9uBIA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arC3VEW1wWQ (Spanish version)

  •  Linked Data for Libraries. OCLC

A short introduction to the concepts and technology behind linked data, how it works, and some benefits it brings to libraries.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWfEYcnk8Z8

  • Introduction to Semantic Web Technologies & Linked Data by O Hassanzadeh,2011

http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~oktie/slides/web-of-data-intro.pdf

  • Library Linked Data Incubator Group Final Report

W3C Incubator Group Report 25 October 2011

http://www.larramendi.es/LAM/Incubator/lld/XGR-lld-20111025.html (Spanish version)

http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/lld/XGR-lld-20111025/ (English version)

  • Linked Data Glossary, W3C Working Group Note 27 June 2013

http://www.w3.org/TR/ld-glossary/

  • Ivan Herman, Semantic Web Activity Lead at W3C:

The goal of the tutorial is to introduce the audience into the basics of the technologies used for Linked Data. This includes RDF, RDFS, main elements of SPARQL, SKOS, and OWL. Some general guidelines on publishing data as Linked Data will also be provided, as well as real-life usage examples of the various technologies.

Introduction to Linked Open Data (LOD)

http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013/paper/view/195

  • Guía breve de Linked Data

http://www.w3c.es/Divulgacion/GuiasBreves/LinkedData

Linked Data activity

  • Linked Data website (Tutorials, faqs, presentations, tools….)

http://linkeddata.org/home

  •  Linking Open Data Project Wiki

http://esw.w3.org/topic/SweoIG/TaskForces/CommunityProjects/LinkingOpenData

  • WWW2014 workshop:  Linked Data on the Web (LDOW2014), 8 April, 2014, Seoul, Korea

The 7th Workshop on Linked Data on the Web (LDOW2014) aims to stimulate discussion and further research into the challenges of publishing, integrating and consuming Linked Data as well as to evaluating and mining knowledge from the global Web of Linked Data. The challenges associated with Linked Data management range from lower level technical issues over large-scale data processing, quality assessment and mining, to higher level conceptual questions of value propositions and business models. LDOW2014 will provide a forum for exposing novel, high quality research and applications in all of these areas. By bringing together researchers in the field, the workshop will further shape the ongoing Linked Data research agenda.

http://events.linkeddata.org/ldow2014/#introduction

  • 4th international workshop on linked web data management (LWDM 2014)

by Devis Bianchini, Valeria De Antonellis, Roberto De Virgilio, in conjunction with the 17th International Conference on Extending Database Technology (EDBT 2014), March 28, 2014 – Athens, Greece

http://www.ing.unibs.it/~bianchin/LWDM2014/Home.html

  •  LODLAM (Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archives & Museums)

LODLAM.net is an informal, borderless network of enthusiasts, technicians, professionals and any number of other people who are interested in or working with Linked Open Data pertaining to galleries, libraries, archives, and museums. LODLAM.net is designed to be a central place for sharing resources and connecting and collaborating with other interested individuals.

http://lodlam.net/

  •  Digital Library Federation (DFL) Linked Data Interest Group

http://www.diglib.org/community/groups/linkeddata/

  • OCLC Linked Data Research

OCLC production units and OCLC Research are involved in Linked Data-related research and standards activities and exploring Linked Data activities and applications. This activity page provides information about a variety of OCLC-related Linked Data-related activities including activities that OCLC Research is closely involved with or leading.

http://oclc.org/research/activities/linkeddata.html

  • Linked Science

Linked Science is an approach to interconnect scientific assets to enable transparent, reproducible and transdisciplinary research. LinkedScience.org is a community driven-effort to show what this means in practice.

http://linkedscience.org/about/

  • Linked Universities

Linked Universities is an alliance of european universities engaged into exposing their public data as linked data.
There are only a few universities currently exposing their public data as linked data, using technologies such as RDF and SPARQL to give direct access to information such as their publications, courses, educational material, etc. […] we believe that the potential for linked data in education and research goes well beyond the individual benefit for each institution, as this potential can only be achieved through providing cross-university data that can be aggregated, integrated and compared. […] This portal should therefore essentially be seen as a collaborative space, where institutions and individuals involved in the exposure of university linked data can describe, share and reuse common vocabularies and practices.

http://linkeduniversities.org/lu/

Linked data related projects

  • CWRC

The Canadian Writing Research Collaboratory is an online project designed to enable unprecedented avenues for studying the words that most move people in and about Canada.

http://www.cwrc.ca/en/

Adventures in Linked Data: Building a Connected Research Environment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yuniHCYLPo

See this presentation of the CWRC project, which  first part is dedicated to explain what is Linked data, why it is important to support research and how they have implemented it in the CWRC project.

  •  Linked Data at the Open University, UK

http://data.open.ac.uk/
data.open.ac.uk is the home of open linked data from The Open University. It is a platform currently developed as part of the LUCERO JISC Project to extract, interlink and expose data available in various institutional repositories of the University and make it available openly for reuse.

http://lucero-project.info/lb/

  •  The Linked Open Data University of Münster (LODUM)

LODUM project establishes a university-wide infrastructure to publish university data as Linked Open Data. The main goals are to increase visibility and accessibility of data produced and collected at the university, and to facilitate effective reuse of these data. This includes the goal to ease the development of applications and mashups based on the data, so that the common user can benefit from the LODUM data. This demo shows the

LODUM infrastructure that facilitates application development, and two applications that demonstrate the potential of the LODUM data API.

http://lodum.de/

  • Stanford Linked Data Workshop, June 27 — July 1, 2011, [ final report ]

http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub152/LinkedDataWorkshop.pdf

Stanford Linked Data Technology Plan 111230

http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub152/LDWTechDraft_ver1.0final_111230.pdf

  •  Jisc Open Citation Project

The Open Citations Project is global in scope, designed to change the face of scientific publishing and scholarly communication. Specifically, it aims to make it possible to publish bibliographic and citation information in RDF and to make citation links as easy to traverse as Web links.

http://opencitations.net/

  •  University of Oxford’s institutional linked open data store

https://data.ox.ac.uk/

The site aims to collect data from around the University and make it available for reuse as linked data under open licences.

  •  FAO Linked data projects and initiatives

http://aims.fao.org/advice/linked-data

http://aims.fao.org/community/blogs/linked-open-data-use-case-agricultural-domain

  • EconStor LOD

http://zbw.eu/labs/en/project/econstor-lod

Linked Data publication of our Open Access repository

http://linkeddata.econstor.eu/beta/

  • Linked Data Web portal for the Semantic Web Journal

The Semantic Web journal (SWJ) started in 2010 and is published and printed by IOS Press (ISSN:1570-0844). The journal’s subtitle, Interoperability, Usability, Applicability, is broad coverage of Semantic Web and Linked Data related research ranging from theoretical work on description logics and reasoning to applications in various domains such as the geo-sciences or digital humanities, and also includes topics from human-computer interaction, e.g., semantically-enabled user interfaces, as well as cognitive science research.

http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/

http://semantic-web-journal.com/SWJPortal/

  • Europeana

The metadata for all the objects in the Europeana portal is open, in that it is all licensed under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication under the terms of the the Data Exchange Agreement (DEA), and can be freely downloaded via the API. In October 2012, a large subset of this data was transformed into linked data and made available from data.europeana.eu. The data is represented in the Europeana Data Model (EDM). For more information, see our datasets page.

http://pro.europeana.eu/linked-open-data

–What is Europeana doing with semantic web and linked open data? Posted by Antoine Isaac , June 18, 2013 http://lodlam.net/2013/06/18/what-is-europeana-doing-with-sw-and-lod/

-Europeana Linked Open Data

http://datahub.io/dataset/europeana-lod

  • Datos abiertos enlazados en la Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile

http://datos.bcn.cl/es/acerca-de-este-proyecto/index_html

  • Library Of Congress Linked Data Service

http://id.loc.gov/

  • Datos enlazados en la Biblioteca Nacional de España

http://www.bne.es/es/Inicio/Perfiles/Bibliotecarios/DatosEnlazados/index.html

  • The British National Bibliography as Linked Data

http://bnb.data.bl.uk/

The BNB Linked Data Platform provides access to the British National Bibliography published as linked open data and made available through SPARQL services.

  • Linked data project | Australian Policy Online

http://apo.org.au/about/linked-data-project

The Linked Data Policy Hub is a new infrastructure project supported by an Australian Research Council LIEF grant for 2013. The Linked Data PolicyHub will transform the accessibility and utility of social science publications, grey literature and data in Australia by linking documents and data from multiple collections across the internet, enabling innovative new forms of social and policy research and analysis. This project addresses a crucial part of the information infrastructure puzzle: How can online research collections reflect the interconnected nature of complex research problems, rather than appear as disconnected sets of documents?

  • Linked Logainm Project

Linked Logainm is a collaborative project undertaken by the Digital Repository of Ireland (DRI), INSIGHT at NUIGalway (previously the Digital Enterprise Research Institute), Fiontar at Dublin City University, the National Library of Ireland and the Placenames Branch of the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht. The Linked Logainm project has created a Linked Data version of the authoritative bilingual database of Irish place names logainm.ie, maintained by Fiontar in collaboration with the Placenames Branch. The new Linked Logainm dataset provides Irish place name data in a structured, computer-readable format which allows its value to be fully exploited by collaborators, web developers, computer scientists, the heritage community and information professionals. It also encourages the international dissemination of Irish language place names which have been given legal status by the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht.

http://apps.dri.ie/locationLODer/

  • Chain Reds Project

CHAIN-REDS is a FP7 project co-funded by the European Commission (DG CONNECT) aiming at promoting and supporting technological and scientific collaboration across different e-Infrastructures established and operated in various continents, in order to define a path towards a global e-Infrastructure ecosystem that will allow Virtual Research Communities (VRCs), research groups and even single researchers to access and efficiently use worldwide distributed resources (i.e., computing, storage, data, services, tools, applications).

http://www.chain-project.eu/home

  • Semantic Search on Linked Data:

http://www.chain-project.eu/linked-data

Here you can search across more than 22 million resources contained in the thousands of semantically enriched Open Access Document Repositories and  Data Repositories included in the CHAIN Knowledge Base

  • Recently examples from Linked Data approaches have been presented at this years “Semantic Web in Libraries” conference in Hamburg:

“Catmandu – Library Oriented Extract, Transform, Load tools to publish Linked Open Data”

http://swib.org/swib13/programme.php#abs128  with slides http://swib.org/swib13/slides/jahn_swib13_128.pdf

“Exposing Institutional Repositories as Linked Data – a Case-Study”

http://swib.org/swib13/programme.php#abs122  where the slides are here at the moment:

http://www.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/~cpietsch/talks/2013-11-27-swib13/#/

Readings

  • What can linked data do for digital libraries? –  by Sören Auer

The slides for the keynote on Linked Data and Digital Libraries at TPDL2013 on Sep 25 2013 in Valetta, Malta. http://www.slideshare.net/soeren1611/what-can-linked-data-do-for-digital-libraries

http://dcevents.dublincore.org/IntConf/dc-2013/paper/view/195
The goal of the tutorial is to introduce the audience into the basics of the technologies used for Linked Data. This includes RDF, RDFS, main elements of SPARQL, SKOS, and OWL. Some general guidelines on publishing data as Linked Data will also be provided, as well as real-life usage examples of the various technologies.

https://www.academia.edu/3588790/Exposing_Scholarly_Information_as_Linked_Open_Data_RDFizing_DSpace_contents

  • Tom Heath and Christian Bizer (2011) Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space (1st edition). Synthesis Lectures on the Semantic Web: Theory and Technology, 1:1, 1-136. Morgan & Claypool. http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/
  •  Davies, T.; Edwards, D. Emerging Implications of Open and Linked Data for Knowledge Sharing in Development. IDS Bulletin (2012) 43 (5) 117-127. http://r4d.dfid.gov.uk/Output/191248/
  • The Web of Linked Data: Realizing the Potential for the Social Sciences, Arofan Gregory, Open Data Foundation, Mary Vardigan, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. The Linked Data Web holds great promise for social science researchers, enabling efficient discovery of data and increasing the ease with which disparate datasets can be merged. Further, quantitative data sources can be easily connected with non-quantitative resources such as research papers. However, this vision will not be realized if best practice in documenting social science data is not combined with the use of the new technologies http://odaf.org/papers/201010_Gregory_Arofan_186.pdf
  •  Opening Up Climate Research: A Linked Data Approach to Publishing Data Provenance,Arif Shaon, Sarah Callaghan, Bryan Lawrence, Brian Matthews, Timothy Osborn, Colin Harpham, Andrew Woolf 2012, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 163-173 http://www.ijdc.net/index.php/ijdc/article/view/213/282
  • Towards Linked Research Data: An Institutional Approach. Wiljes C, Jahn N, Lier F, Paul-Stueve T, Vompras J, Pietsch C, Cimiano P (2013)  In: 3rd Workshop on Semantic Publishing (SePublica). García Castro A, Lange C, Lord P, Stevens R (Eds); CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen: 27–38. http://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/publication/2580621

Linked Data Tools

  • Free tools, information and resources for the semantic web

http://www.linkeddatatools.com/

LinkedDataTools.com has been set up by professional developers to help the web community into a new phase of the web, Web 3.0 – or the Semantic Web. We believe that the future of computing is held in cloud computing and semantic data. But to bring in this new model of computing we need new tools, and new information. Hence LinkedDataTools.com.

  • Linked data Org Tools

http://linkeddata.org/tools

  • SPQR

http://spqr.cerch.kcl.ac.uk/?page_id=3

SPQR addresses the integration of heterogeneous datasets in the humanities, specifically data relating to classical antiquity, using a linked data approach and based on the recently published Europeana Data Model (EDM). The researcher requirements addressed by SPQR are driven by the outcomes of the JISC ENGAGE funded project LaQuAT, which concluded that a relational database model for integrating these datasets is often too inflexible. It is in precisely this regard that Semantic Web (SW) and Linked Data (LD) approaches have great potential, as they allow researchers to formalise resources and the links between them more flexibly, and to create, explore and query these linked resources.

  • There are a variety of tools available for producing, manipulating and exploring linked data (LD). Here, we provide an overview of tools available, categorised by function. The licencing of each tool and the date of the last update to the tool’s web site is also given.

http://spqr.cerch.kcl.ac.uk/?page_id=94

The great shift in search

Search is evolving to fit the needs of users who don’t just want a web site, but the actual answer to the question driving the search. To stay on top semantic search technologies are key.

Google’s Knowledge Graph and Microsoft’s Satori are each search engines projects to explore this technology. Google uses knowledge graphs to describe the semantic relationships between people, places, objects and intent. This semantic network currently contains 570 million objects and over 18 billion facts about relationships between different objects that are used to truly understand the meaning of the keywords entered for search based off the users’ preferences and intent. Similarly, Facebook’s recently introduced social graph maps interconnections between its users. Search turns into find.

  •  Swoogle, (Google semantic web engine)

http://swoogle.umbc.edu/

  • CORE

CORE aims to facilitate free access to content stored across Open Access repositories. CORE is a large aggregator of content (several million publications from hundreds of Open Access repositories) on top of which value added services are provided. The project will make a new open metadata repository available in the Linked Data format describing the semantic relatedness between resources stored across a selection of UK repositories linking semantically similar publications from Open Access repositories using text mining from full-text and representing the relations as Linked Data

http://core-project.kmi.open.ac.uk/about-core

http://core.kmi.open.ac.uk/search

  • RKBO Explorer

http://www.rkbexplorer.com/explorer/#display=project-{http%3A//wiki.rkbexplorer.com/id/resist}

About: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-295/paper13.pdf

  • ResExplorer

http://www.resxplorer.org.

ResXplorer: Interactive Search for Relationships in Research Repositories

http://challenge.semanticweb.org/2013/submissions/swc2013_submission_14.pdf

With the user interface of ResXplorer we help researchers to get an overview by using an approach that visualizes interactively search process in an aligned linked data knowledge base of research related resources.

We show that visualizing resources, such as conferences, publications and proceedings, expose affinities between researchers and those resources. We characterize each affinity, between researchers and resources, by the amount of shared interests and other commonalities.

  •  Bibliopedia

http://bibliopedia.org/

Most repositories of scholarly works provide only standard search capabilities. The relationship between different entries yielded by a search remains left to the individual user to grasp. By contrast, Bibliopedia will be able to search such databases, extract and analyze citations for each article, cross-reference articles with one another and with entries from library catalogs and other data sources, and then present the information in an easy-to-browse and linked format that not only makes clear the relationships among texts, but also permits users to correct any errors caused by the imperfections inherent in machine-driven data-extraction and, crucially, elaborate upon the already vast store of information thus provided. Bibliopedia will also link the data available from JSTOR with a growing collection of other data repositories like Project Muse and the Library of Congress. Whereas each of these data repositories currently stands alone, Bibliopedia will put them in dialogue with one another, thereby enhancing their value to researchers. Moreover, Bibliopedia will generate new knowledge about the records in this repositories by extracting citation information, converting it into linked data for the semantic web, and generating cross-references among the records.

 

  • SparqlEndpoints

http://www.w3.org/wiki/SparqlEndpoints